Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder that causes persistent airflow limitation and breathing difficulties. It primarily affects the lungs and airways, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs efficiently. COPD includes conditions such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema, both of which contribute to reduced lung function over time. The main cause of COPD is long-term exposure to harmful irritants, especially cigarette smoke, although air pollution, occupational dust, chemical fumes, and genetic factors such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency may also contribute. COPD is more common in older adults, particularly individuals over 40 years of age, and is strongly associated with smoking history. Early symptoms may include chronic cough, mucus production, wheezing, shortness of breath, and fatigue. As the disease progresses, breathing becomes increasingly difficult, limiting daily activities and reducing quality of life. Severe COPD can lead to complications such as respiratory infections, heart problems, and respiratory failure. Although there is currently no cure for COPD, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, slowing disease progression, and improving overall quality of life. Medications such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and oxygen therapy are commonly used in management. Pulmonary rehabilitation, lifestyle changes, smoking cessation, and supportive therapies also play an important role in patient care. Ongoing research continues to explore better treatment strategies and preventive measures to reduce the global burden of COPD.